{"id":1243,"date":"2026-10-08T06:12:40","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T06:12:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wdlvalve.com\/?p=1243"},"modified":"2026-10-08T06:19:10","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T06:19:10","slug":"%d1%80%d1%83%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be-%d0%bf%d0%be-%d0%b2%d1%8b%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%80%d1%83-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wdlvalve.com\/ru\/%d1%80%d1%83%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be-%d0%bf%d0%be-%d0%b2%d1%8b%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%80%d1%83-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0428\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d: 7 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432, \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Quick answer:<\/strong> A ball valve<\/strong> is a quarter-turn valve that uses a drilled spherical closure member to start or stop flow. Industrial ball valve selection depends on pressure, temperature, medium, bore size, body construction, seat material, shutoff requirement, actuation and the applicable project standard.Ball valves are widely used in oil and gas, chemical processing, water treatment, power generation, LNG, marine and general industrial systems. Their compact operation and clear open-or-closed position make them practical for isolation, but one design cannot cover every service. High pressure gas, abrasive slurry, cryogenic liquid and corrosive chemicals require different valve structures and materials.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n
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How Does a Ball Valve Work?<\/h2>\n

The valve contains a ball with a bore through its center. When the bore aligns with the pipeline, fluid passes through. Turning the stem by 90 degrees moves the solid side of the ball across the flow path and closes the valve.<\/p>\n

Soft seats can provide tight shutoff in compatible services. Metal-seated designs are considered where temperature, abrasion or operating conditions exceed the limits of polymer seats. Ball valves are primarily used for on-off isolation. Throttling requires a design such as a V-port or segmented ball valve that is engineered for control duty.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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7 Common Ball Valve Types<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ball valve type<\/th>\nHow it is built<\/th>\n\u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/th>\nMain selection point<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Floating ball valve<\/td>\nThe ball is supported by the seats and moves slightly under pressure.<\/td>\nSmall and medium sizes for general isolation<\/td>\nSeat load and operating torque increase with size and pressure.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Trunnion-mounted ball valve<\/td>\nUpper and lower supports hold the ball while the seats move toward it.<\/td>\nLarge diameter, high pressure and pipeline service<\/td>\nSeat design, cavity relief, injection fittings and double-block requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Top-entry ball valve<\/td>\nInternal components can be accessed through the upper body opening.<\/td>\nSystems where in-line maintenance is important<\/td>\nMaintenance clearance, body sealing and approved service procedure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Side-entry ball valve<\/td>\nThe body is assembled from two or three sections along the pipeline axis.<\/td>\nOil, gas, petrochemical and pipeline isolation<\/td>\nBody-joint construction, bolting and maintenance plan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Three-piece ball valve<\/td>\nA center body section is clamped between two end pieces.<\/td>\nProcess lines requiring convenient cleaning or seat replacement<\/td>\nEnd connection, body bolting and assembly control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V-port or segmented ball valve<\/td>\nA shaped opening provides a defined relationship between travel and flow.<\/td>\nModulating flow control<\/td>\nCv or Kv, characteristic, pressure drop, cavitation and actuator accuracy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Multi-port ball valve<\/td>\nAn L-port, T-port or other drilled ball connects three or more flow paths.<\/td>\nFlow diversion, mixing and process routing<\/td>\nPort pattern and every permitted handle or actuator position<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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Floating vs. Trunnion Ball Valve<\/h2>\n

A floating ball valve uses line pressure to push the ball toward the downstream seat. This arrangement is compact and widely used in smaller sizes. As size and differential pressure increase, seat load and required torque can rise.<\/p>\n

A trunnion-mounted ball valve supports the ball mechanically and commonly uses spring-loaded or pressure-assisted seats. This arrangement is often selected for larger sizes and higher pressure pipeline duties. The final decision should consider size, class, pressure direction, shutoff requirement, cavity pressure relief and actuator torque.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Full-Port vs. Reduced-Port Ball Valve<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Bore option<\/th>\nFlow passage<\/th>\nTypical reason to select<\/th>\nCheck before ordering<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Full port<\/td>\nBore is close to the connected pipe inside diameter.<\/td>\nLower restriction, pigging or reduced solids accumulation<\/td>\nActual bore, pig size and end-connection dimensions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Reduced port<\/td>\nBore is smaller than the connected pipe.<\/td>\nMore compact construction where pressure loss is acceptable<\/td>\nVelocity, pressure drop, noise and cleaning requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

The term \u201cfull port\u201d should be verified against the specified standard and manufacturer drawing. A nominal label alone does not confirm that a cleaning pig or inspection tool can pass through the valve.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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How Should Ball Valve Materials Be Selected?<\/h2>\n

Material selection starts with the fluid composition, concentration, contaminants, temperature and pressure. Carbon steel is common in hydrocarbon and general industrial service. Stainless steel may be used for water, chemicals and corrosive environments. Duplex and super duplex stainless steels are considered for chloride-rich media, while nickel alloys, Monel and titanium are used only after compatibility and project requirements are reviewed.<\/p>\n

Every wetted component matters. The body may be compatible while the ball, stem, seat, seals, packing or fasteners are not. Sour gas service can also require material hardness control and compliance with the specified NACE or ISO sour-service document.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Soft-Seated or Metal-Seated Ball Valve?<\/h2>\n

PTFE, reinforced PTFE, PEEK and other polymer seats can provide low torque and tight shutoff within their approved pressure, temperature and chemical limits. The exact limit depends on the compound, filler and valve construction.<\/p>\n

Metal-seated ball valves are considered for higher temperatures, abrasive particles, erosive flow or services where soft seats would be damaged. Hardfacing, coating thickness, ball finish, seat contact and leakage acceptance must be stated in the datasheet. \u201cMetal seated\u201d does not automatically mean zero leakage.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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7 Ball Valve Selection Checks<\/h2>\n
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  1. Define the medium.<\/strong> State the chemical composition, phase, solids, water content, corrosive components and cleaning media.<\/li>\n
  2. Provide design conditions.<\/strong> Include design and operating pressure, temperature, differential pressure and credible upset conditions.<\/li>\n
  3. Select the valve function.<\/strong> Distinguish isolation, emergency shutdown, control, diversion, pigging and double-block requirements.<\/li>\n
  4. Confirm bore and ends.<\/strong> Specify full or reduced bore, flange facing, weld ends, threaded ends and face-to-face dimensions.<\/li>\n
  5. Set leakage requirements.<\/strong> Identify the applicable seat-test direction, test medium, acceptance criteria and shutoff differential pressure.<\/li>\n
  6. Review safety features.<\/strong> State fire-safe, antistatic, blowout-resistant stem, cavity-relief and fugitive-emission requirements where applicable.<\/li>\n
  7. Size the actuator.<\/strong> Provide maximum differential pressure, required operating time, power supply, fail position, controls and environmental conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/section>\n
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    Which Standards Apply to Industrial Ball Valves?<\/h2>\n

    The applicable standard depends on the industry and valve construction. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f API 6D<\/a> addresses pipeline and piping valves. API 608 covers metal ball valves for petroleum, petrochemical and industrial applications. ISO 17292<\/a> covers metal ball valves for petroleum, petrochemical, natural gas and related industries.<\/p>\n

    ASME B16.34<\/a> covers pressure-temperature ratings, materials, testing, marking and other requirements for flanged, threaded and welding-end valves. Projects may also specify separate standards for face-to-face dimensions, flanges, fire testing, emissions, inspection and sour service. List every required edition in the purchase specification.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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    What Information Should a Ball Valve RFQ Include?<\/h2>\n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    RFQ item<\/th>\nInformation required<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Service<\/td>\nMedium, composition, solids, pressure and temperature<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Valve design<\/td>\nFloating or trunnion, entry type, bore, body construction and flow direction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Size and rating<\/td>\nDN or NPS, PN or ASME Class and pressure-temperature basis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044b<\/td>\nBody, ball, stem, seat, seals, packing, bolting and coating<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0421\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438<\/td>\nRF, RTJ, butt weld, socket weld or threaded ends<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/td>\nLever, gearbox, pneumatic, electric or hydraulic actuator<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Compliance<\/td>\nDesign, testing, fire-safe, emissions, sour-service and documentation requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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    Common Ball Valve Selection Mistakes<\/h2>\n