{"id":1125,"date":"2026-09-23T01:46:40","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T01:46:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wdlvalve.com\/?p=1125"},"modified":"2026-10-08T12:52:56","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T12:52:56","slug":"van-dung-trong-qua-trinh-che-bien-hoa-dau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wdlvalve.com\/vi\/van-dung-trong-qua-trinh-che-bien-hoa-dau\/","title":{"rendered":"Van c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c van c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch ly thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eaft kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. Lo\u1ea1i van ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, nguy c\u01a1 \u0103n m\u00f2n, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

WDL Valve<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i van bi, van c\u1ed5ng, van c\u1ea7u, van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, van b\u01b0\u1edbm, van c\u1eafm v\u00e0 van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u00f9ng cho hydrocacbon, kh\u00ed, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, axit, dung m\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t mang trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec7n \u00edch.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Van \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u?<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng van trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb kho ch\u1ee9a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e1ch, truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, n\u00e9n, x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec7n \u00edch. M\u1ed7i khu v\u1ef1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m k\u00edn, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Khu v\u1ef1c quy tr\u00ecnh<\/th>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\nNhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 van<\/th>\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i van ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao<\/td>\nD\u1ea7u th\u00f4, naphtha, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trung gian v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i<\/td>\nC\u00e1ch ly, \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p<\/td>\nVan bi, van c\u1ed5ng, van c\u1eafm v\u00e0 van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/td>\nHydrocacbon, hydro, ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nVan c\u1ea7u, van bi v\u00e0 van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/td>\nH\u01a1i hydrocacbon, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u<\/td>\nC\u00e1ch ly, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nVan c\u1ed5ng, van c\u1ea7u, van bi v\u00e0 van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\nH\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3ng<\/td>\nC\u00e1ch ly, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/td>\nC\u1ed5ng, van bi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a>, van ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng axit v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/td>\nAxit, ki\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>\nVan bi, van n\u00fat, van c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 van c\u00f3 l\u1edbp l\u00f3t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ph\u00e1o s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t<\/td>\nKh\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, kh\u00ed x\u1ea3 \u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u01a1i<\/td>\n\u0110\u00f3ng van ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n<\/td>\nVan bi, van c\u1ed5ng, van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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WDL Valve d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m WDL n\u00e0y minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf van \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch ly nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh xoay 1\/4 v\u00f2ng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n


\n\"Van
\nVan bi SBB r\u00e8n lo\u1ea1i 300 F316L<\/strong>
\nC\u00e1ch ly quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn<\/span><\/a>\"Van
\nVan c\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc<\/strong>
\nDuy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i van n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u?<\/h2>\n

Van bi<\/a><\/h3>\n

Van bi mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eaft k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac van n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c g\u1eafn tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c xoay, \u0111\u1ec7m van b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u1ea3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t khoang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Van c\u1ed5ng<\/a><\/h3>\n

Van c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (m\u1edf h\u1ebft c\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ebft c\u1ee1) trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn hydrocacbon, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ti\u1ec7n \u00edch. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng van c\u1ed5ng h\u00ecnh n\u00eam ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Van c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/a><\/h3>\n

Van c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 van \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong van ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e2m th\u1ef1c, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bay h\u01a1i t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi, ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n do kh\u00ed, s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, d\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 gh\u1ebf van theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u<\/a><\/h3>\n

Van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c qua m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, m\u00e1y n\u00e9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng van ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng s\u1eadp van, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

Van c\u1eafm<\/a><\/h3>\n

Van c\u1eafm l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i van c\u00e1ch ly quay m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u00f2ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n, nh\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, c\u00f3 \u1ed1ng l\u00f3t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1edbp l\u00f3t c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

Van b\u01b0\u1edbm<\/a><\/h3>\n

Van b\u01b0\u1edbm c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ba \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a van c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn van?<\/h2>\n

Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a van c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m m\u1ec1m. C\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t-nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7m kim lo\u1ea1i, b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m k\u00edn tr\u1ee5c, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gio\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c axit lo\u00e3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong dung d\u1ecbch n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00f2n c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n, g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng gh\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c khoang th\u00e2n m\u00e1y. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee9ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khoang v\u00e0 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n

\u0110i xe \u0111\u1ea1p th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean:<\/strong> Van t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u1edbt k\u00edn b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd chu k\u1ef3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c chu tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eaft m\u00e1y v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m.<\/p>\n

Thu\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra qua l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m th\u00e2n, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. C\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb5n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, vi\u1ec7c si\u1ebft bu-l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5 trong b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u van v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf van trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c Gh\u1ebf<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/th>\nKi\u1ec3m tra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Th\u00e9p cacbon<\/td>\nC\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chung li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hydrocacbon, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed axit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim Cr-Mo<\/td>\nHo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi hydro v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td>\nPh\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00e0n, x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do hydro<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/td>\nC\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, dung m\u00f4i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/td>\nCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m clorua, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1ee3p kim duplex ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p kim niken<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n<\/td>\nH\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, gia c\u00f4ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gh\u1ebf m\u1ec1m<\/td>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/td>\nT\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed3ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gh\u1ebf kim lo\u1ea1i<\/td>\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn c\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t<\/td>\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee9ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1eb9t c\u1ee9ng, m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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Nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi van trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u?<\/h2>\n

ASME B16.34<\/a> bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t-nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ghi nh\u00e3n cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i van c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API v\u1ec1 van bi, van c\u1ed5ng, van n\u00fat v\u00e0 van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i r\u00f2 r\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1i Trang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n D\u1ea7u m\u1ecf Hoa K\u1ef3<\/a> li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 van, bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API 641 v\u1ec1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi van xoay 1\/4 v\u00f2ng. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Hoa K\u1ef3 (EPA) v\u1ec1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/a> x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c van l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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C\u1ea7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho van qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n:<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
  2. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n:<\/strong> \u00c1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/li>\n
  3. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0m:<\/strong> c\u00e1ch ly, \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, van m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, ng\u1eaft kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, x\u1ea3 kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n
  4. Ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/strong> lo\u1ea1i van, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong, c\u1ea5p \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, ki\u1ec3u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u van v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u1eafp van.<\/li>\n
  5. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u:<\/strong> th\u00e2n xe, b\u1ed9 \u1ed1p, gh\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i, tr\u1ee5c l\u00e1i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec7m, gio\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bu-l\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
  6. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong> c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed axit.<\/li>\n
  7. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u201ck\u00edch ho\u1ea1t\u201d:<\/strong> th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n khi h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n
  8. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 danh s\u00e1ch:<\/strong> gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/section>\n
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    Th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 van<\/h2>\n