{"id":1243,"date":"2026-10-08T06:12:40","date_gmt":"2026-10-08T06:12:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wdlvalve.com\/?p=1243"},"modified":"2026-10-08T06:19:10","modified_gmt":"2026-10-08T06:19:10","slug":"huong-dan-lua-chon-vat-lieu-cho-cac-loai-van-bi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wdlvalve.com\/vi\/huong-dan-lua-chon-vat-lieu-cho-cac-loai-van-bi\/","title":{"rendered":"Van bi: 7 lo\u1ea1i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn"},"content":{"rendered":"
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C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn:<\/strong> A van bi<\/strong> l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i van xoay 1\/4 v\u00f2ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 khoan \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn van bi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00e2n van, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec7m van, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.Van bi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng (LNG), h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i chung. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edf\/\u0111\u00f3ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u00fap van bi tr\u1edf n\u00ean thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch ly d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00ed \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, b\u00f9n m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng si\u00eau l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u van kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n
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Van bi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n

Van n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 khoan xuy\u00ean qua t\u00e2m. Khi l\u1ed7 khoan n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y qua. Vi\u1ec7c xoay tr\u1ee5c van 90 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u ngang qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng van l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c van c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m gh\u1ebf m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m gh\u1ebf kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7m gh\u1ebf polymer. Van bi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng-m\u1edf. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 van bi c\u1ed5ng ch\u1eef V ho\u1eb7c van bi ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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7 lo\u1ea1i van bi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i van bi<\/th>\nC\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/th>\nC\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/th>\n\u0110i\u1ec3m l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Van bi n\u1ed5i<\/td>\nQu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c gh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eb9 khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/td>\nC\u00e1c k\u00edch c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1ch ly th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\nT\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Van bi g\u1eafn tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c trunnion<\/td>\nC\u00e1c thanh \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1eef qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng trong khi c\u00e1c gh\u1ebf di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda n\u00f3.<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1edbn, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khu\u00f4n, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c khu\u00f4n, c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1eafp r\u00e1p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p phun v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ch\u1eb7n k\u00e9p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Van bi m\u1edf t\u1eeb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean<\/td>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ed7 m\u1edf \u1edf ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n tr\u00ean.<\/td>\nC\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng<\/td>\nGi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ni\u00eam phong th\u00e2n m\u00e1y v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Van bi l\u1eafp ngang<\/td>\nTh\u00e2n m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p t\u1eeb hai ho\u1eb7c ba b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1ecdc theo tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/td>\nC\u00e1ch ly h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ea7u, kh\u00ed, h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/td>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i, l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng bu-l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Van bi ba m\u1ea3nh<\/td>\nPh\u1ea7n th\u00e2n gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/td>\nC\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf gh\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i<\/td>\nK\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i, si\u1ebft bu-l\u00f4ng th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Van bi ki\u1ec3u V-port ho\u1eb7c van bi ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 m\u1edf c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nCv ho\u1eb7c Kv, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh, s\u1ee5t \u00e1p, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e2m th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Van bi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed5ng<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef L, h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef T ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 khoan kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ba ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u1edbi nhau.<\/td>\nChuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh<\/td>\nM\u1eabu c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tay c\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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Van bi n\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi van bi tr\u1ee5c xoay<\/h2>\n

Van bi n\u1ed5i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u1ea3 bi v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda gh\u1ebf van \u1edf ph\u00eda h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf. Khi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u00ean gh\u1ebf van v\u00e0 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng theo.<\/p>\n

Van bi g\u1eafn tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c trunnion c\u00f3 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ee1 bi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7m van c\u00f3 l\u00f2 xo ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea5p \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng, x\u1ea3 \u00e1p trong khoang van v\u00e0 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Van bi to\u00e0n c\u1ed1ng so v\u1edbi van bi c\u1ed1ng thu h\u1eb9p<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 khoan<\/th>\nK\u00eanh d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y<\/th>\nL\u00fd do th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/th>\nH\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
C\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i.<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pigging ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i.<\/td>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ee9c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/td>\nT\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p, ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 v\u1ec7 sinh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cc\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7\u201d v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u00e3n ghi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc danh ngh\u0129a th\u00f4i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i qua van hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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N\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho van bi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. Th\u00e9p cacbon th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hydrocacbon v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i chung. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 duplex v\u00e0 super duplex \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e0u clorua, trong khi h\u1ee3p kim niken, Monel v\u00e0 titan ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Th\u00e2n van c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng bi van, tr\u1ee5c van, \u0111\u1ebf van, gio\u0103ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch. Khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed chua, vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n NACE ho\u1eb7c ISO quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed chua c\u0169ng l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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Van bi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m m\u1ec1m hay van bi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m kim lo\u1ea1i?<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf van l\u00e0m t\u1eeb PTFE, PTFE gia c\u01b0\u1eddng, PEEK v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i polymer kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o van.<\/p>\n

Van bi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7m kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y g\u00e2y x\u00f3i m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7m m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a bi, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5 trong b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u1ec7m kim lo\u1ea1i\u201d kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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7 b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m tra khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn van bi<\/h2>\n
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  1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/strong> H\u00e3y n\u00eau th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda.<\/li>\n
  2. Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/strong> C\u1ea7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li>\n
  3. Ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng van.<\/strong> Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ly, ng\u1eaft kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb pig v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a k\u00e9p.<\/li>\n
  4. Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c thu nh\u1ecf, m\u1eb7t b\u00edch ph\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea7u ren v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t kia.<\/li>\n
  5. \u0110\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9.<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m van, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ng\u1eaft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n
  6. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n.<\/strong> Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u00e2n van ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5, gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p khoang v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
  7. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/strong> H\u00e3y cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a, th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n khi h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/section>\n
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    C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho van bi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p?<\/h2>\n

    Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a van. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API 6D<\/a> quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c van trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n API 608 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c van bi kim lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. ISO 17292<\/a> bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c van bi kim lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

    ASME B16.34<\/a> bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t-nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi van c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t b\u00edch, van ren v\u00e0 van h\u00e0n. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t, m\u1eb7t b\u00edch, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a hydro sunfua. Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c trong b\u1ea3n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt mua s\u1eafm.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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    M\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 (RFQ) v\u1ec1 van bi c\u1ea7n bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n
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    M\u1ee5c trong y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 (RFQ)<\/th>\nTh\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/td>\nM\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf van<\/td>\nLo\u1ea1i n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c trunnion, ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00e2n van v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng<\/td>\nDN ho\u1eb7c NPS, PN ho\u1eb7c ASME Class v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t-nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nTh\u00e2n, qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u, tr\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ebf, v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m k\u00edn, bu l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/td>\nRF, RTJ, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n l\u1eafp kh\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u ren<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nC\u1ea7n g\u1ea1t, h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1, b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/td>\nC\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y, kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed axit v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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    Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn van bi<\/h2>\n